Blood pressure readings and understanding them | Top Doctors (2025)

Blood pressure readings provide important insights into cardiovascular health. They consist of two numbers: systolic and diastolic pressures, both of which are crucial indicators of heart function and overall wellbeing.

What do systolic and diastolic numbers mean?

The first (systolic) number measures the pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts and pumps blood. The second (diastolic) number represents the pressure when the heart is at rest between beats. A normal blood pressure reading is generally around 120/80 mmHg, though variations can occur based on individual health conditions.

What is considered a healthy blood pressure range?

• Normal – Less than 120/80 mmHg
• Elevated – 120-129/<80 mmHg
• Hypertension (Stage 1) – 130-139/80-89 mmHg
• Hypertension (Stage 2) – 140/90 mmHg or higher
• Hypertensive crisis – Over 180/120 mmHg (requires immediate medical attention)

What are the symptoms of high blood pressure?

Hypertension is often referred to as the ‘silent killer’ because it may not present noticeable symptoms. However, some individuals may experience:

• Blurred vision – Changes in vision may indicate fluctuating blood pressure.
• Headaches – Persistent headaches can sometimes be linked to high blood pressure.
• Nosebleeds – In some cases, frequent nosebleeds can be a symptom, though they are not always directly caused by hypertension.

How can blood pressure be measured?

There are several ways to check blood pressure levels:

• GP surgeries – Healthcare professionals can provide accurate readings and medical advice.
• Pharmacies – Many pharmacies offer blood pressure checks as a convenient option.
• Hospital outpatient departments – Self-service machines are available for monitoring.
• Home monitoring devices – Many individuals use at-home devices to track their blood pressure regularly.

Regular monitoring and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help manage and prevent complications related to high blood pressure. Patients are encouraged to consult their GP if they have concerns or experience symptoms associated with hypertension.